Showing posts with label fan culture. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fan culture. Show all posts

Friday, April 8, 2011

The People vs. George Lucas: Stars Wars Fans Strike Back!

When it comes to thinking about fan culture, no discussion would be complete without talking about Star Wars and its fans. Other films and television shows like Star Trek and Buffy the Vampire Slayer have all garnered a large cult following who create reenactments, parodies, fan fiction and other fan texts, but none really compares to cultural products of the love/hate relationship that Star Wars fans have with its creator, George Lucas.

Star Wars fans have been interacting and reworking the films since they came out, but one of the most popular fan videos to first gain mainstream attention was George Lucas in Love, a short independent film released in 1999 by Joe Nussbaum as a parody of Shakespeare in Love, which had been released the year before. The film received critical praise and attention and eventually officially premiered at the Toronto Film Festival in 1999 and went on to win several film awards. The film is available online, so check it out below!



However, while the film George Lucas in Love did help to make visible how millions of Star Wars fans were recreating and rewriting Star Wars into fan fiction, videos and images, it failed to really consider the fans themselves and why they were reworking Star Wars into something new in the first place.

Fast forward from 1999 to 2010 to the release of the film The People vs. George Lucas, which examines the ambivalent relationship that Star Wars fans have with its creator, George Lucas. The film looks at Star Wars controversies, like the introduction of the slightly racist character of Jar Jar Binks in Episode I: The Phantom Menace, and how fan culture has influenced and shaped the legacy of Star Wars. The director of the film, Alexandre Philipee, invited fans to send in their own footage, which Philipee sorted through and compiled to create the film, all 634 hours of it. The film comes across as a love/hate letter to George Lucas, highlighting the significance of fan culture and fan participation in the development of the Star Wars movie empire and legacy. The film The People vs. George Lucas most importantly explores the meaning of participatory and fan culture, asking the question of who culture really belongs to: the fans or the creator?


The People vs. George Lucas - Trailer #3 from The People vs. George Lucas on Vimeo.

Your move, George Lucas!

Saturday, March 12, 2011

Remixing Video Games: Viral Marketing Campaigns and Fan Culture

Before the release of Resident Evil 5 in 2009, the latest installment in the Resident Evil zombie video game franchise, Capcom started a viral marketing campaign to fuel the excitement and interest of fans. It was all centred around the fictional village in Africa where Resident Evil 5 takes place called Kijuju, which Chris Redfield, one of the main characters from first Resident Evil game, is having hallucinations about, brought on by traumatic stress of surviving the first outbreak of the zombie virus, the T-virus. Capcom made five viral videos called “Fear You Can’t Forget” and then contacted Resident Evil fans and fan sites and challenged them to find and the share videos online. The videos then directed fans to a Resident Evil website entitled “Kijuju”, which offered fans videos, screenshots, wallpapers and gameplay from the new RE5 to share with other fans. The official Resident Evil 5 website boasts that the Kijuju website was discovered by over half a million people, 190,000 of which were directed there by their friends, with an average of 24 shares per person. Capcom rewarded 100 of the top sharers by getting their name in the official RE5 instruction manual and some of the top sharers had their pictures transformed into a majini (zombie) and become part of the official Resident Evil 5 website. The viral campaign's mission is to get the RE5 community to come together to unlock exclusive RE5 assets including screenshots and videos which will ultimately flesh out some of the story.

Resident Evil 5 was one of the first video games to have a viral marketing campaign which directly involved fans and fan communities and depended on their participation to create new content. As a result, fans have become more invested in the Resident Evil universe, as they get to co-produce what they also consume. Fan culture and fan communities work as a collaboratively embodied knowledge base and a network for making new stories, which changes how they interact with the Resident Evil narrative and produces new forms of meaning-making.

The Resident Evil 5 viral marketing campaign gave fan communities the opportunity to not only create new content and narratives to support the Resident Evil universe, but also to change the game by being able to insert those narratives into the actual game itself. I would argue that the ability of fans to actively influence the Resident Evil 5 video game is a form of remix, as they are remixing the content of the game to include their own interpretations, narratives and meanings of the text. However, some would argue that the viral marketing campaign only serves to exploit the social energies of existing fan communities as a source of free marketing using rewards such as being included on the website or manual to motivate fans to share the videos with as many people as possible. While this is certainly true, does this make the remix of Resident Evil 5 any less meaningful for fans? Is the process of remix still significant for fan communities if Capcom is profiting from it? Being a Resident Evil 5 gamer myself, I can tell you, with certainty, that it definitely is.

Check out the fifth and final video, "Back" in the "Fear You Can't Forget" viral marketing campaign for Resident Evil 5 below.